Rocky Linux8 に Trivy をインストールして Docker の検査を行う
Software Design 2021年12月号 で Docker 特集が組まれており、Trivy が紹介されていたので試してみました。 今回は Rocky Linux8 上で動作確認しています。 尚、Trivy の GitHub リポジトリはこちら です。
インストール
Trivy のインストール方法は Installation に記載されています。 インストール方法は幾つかあります。
リポジトリからインストールする
リポジトリからインストールする場合、まずリポジトリを定義します。
| cat << 'EOF' > /etc/yum.repos.d/trivy.repo
[trivy]
name=Trivy repository
baseurl=https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/rpm/releases/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
EOF
|
あとはパッケージマネージャでインストールするだけです。
| dnf -y check-update
dnf -y install trivy
|
インストールされました。
| # trivy --version
Version: 0.21.1
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シェルスクリプトでインストールする
シェルスクリプトでインストールする場合は以下を実行します。 以下では v0.21.1 を指定しており、このバージョンがインストールされます。
| curl -sfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aquasecurity/trivy/main/contrib/install.sh | sh -s -- -b /usr/local/bin v0.21.1
|
インストールされました。
| # trivy --version
Version: 0.21.1
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ローカル環境の Dockerfile に対して Trivy を実行する
Docker コンテナイメージはビルドせずに ローカル環境にある Dockerfile を検査してみます。 以下の内容で Dockerfile を新規作成します。
| FROM ubuntu:20.04
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install nginx
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off";]
|
trivy config に Dockerfile があるパスを指定すると検査することが可能です。 今回は以下のように表示されました。
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26 | # trivy config .
2021-11-28T12:11:19.621+0900 INFO Detected config files: 1
Dockerfile (dockerfile)
=======================
Tests: 23 (SUCCESSES: 20, FAILURES: 3, EXCEPTIONS: 0)
Failures: 3 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 0, HIGH: 3, CRITICAL: 0)
+---------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------+----------+------------------------------------------+
| TYPE | MISCONF ID | CHECK | SEVERITY | MESSAGE |
+---------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------+----------+------------------------------------------+
| Dockerfile Security Check | DS002 | root user | HIGH | Specify at least 1 USER |
| | | | | command in Dockerfile with |
| | | | | non-root user as argument |
| | | | | -->avd.aquasec.com/appshield/ds002 |
+ +------------+------------------------------------------+ +------------------------------------------+
| | DS017 | 'RUN <package-manager> update' | | The instruction 'RUN <package-manager> |
| | | instruction alone | | update' should always be followed |
| | | | | by '<package-manager> install' |
| | | | | in the same RUN statement. |
| | | | | -->avd.aquasec.com/appshield/ds017 |
+ +------------+------------------------------------------+ +------------------------------------------+
| | DS021 | 'apt-get' missing '-y' to avoid manual | | '-y' flag is missed: |
| | | input | | 'apt-get install nginx' |
| | | | | -->avd.aquasec.com/appshield/ds021 |
+---------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------+----------+------------------------------------------+
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修正した Dockerfile に対して Trivy を実行する
Trivy の検査結果を参考に、Dockerfile の内容を以下のように修正します。
| FROM ubuntu:20.04
RUN apt-get update &&
apt-get -y install nginx
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off";]
|
再度、Trivy を実行すると警告が表示されなくなりました。
| # trivy config .
2021-11-28T12:59:03.502+0900 INFO Detected config files: 0
#
|
コンテナイメージに対して検査を実行する
リポジトリ上に存在するコンテナイメージに対して Trivy を実行することも可能です。 以下では Docker Hub 上の nginx に対して Trivy を実行しています。
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29 | # trivy image nginx
2021-11-28T13:08:47.298+0900 INFO Detected OS: debian
2021-11-28T13:08:47.298+0900 INFO Detecting Debian vulnerabilities...
2021-11-28T13:08:47.317+0900 INFO Number of language-specific files: 0
nginx (debian 11.1)
===================
Total: 99 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 81, MEDIUM: 7, HIGH: 7, CRITICAL: 4)
+------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+-----------------------------------------+
| LIBRARY | VULNERABILITY ID | SEVERITY | INSTALLED VERSION | FIXED VERSION | TITLE |
+------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+-----------------------------------------+
| apt | CVE-2011-3374 | LOW | 2.2.4 | | It was found that apt-key in apt, |
| | | | | | all versions, do not correctly... |
| | | | | | -->avd.aquasec.com/nvd/cve-2011-3374 |
+------------------+------------------+ +-------------------+---------------+-----------------------------------------+
…snip…
+------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+-----------------------------------------+
| perl-base | CVE-2020-16156 | MEDIUM | 5.32.1-4+deb11u2 | | [Signature Verification Bypass] |
| | | | | | -->avd.aquasec.com/nvd/cve-2020-16156 |
+ +------------------+----------+ +---------------+-----------------------------------------+
| | CVE-2011-4116 | LOW | | | perl: File::Temp insecure |
| | | | | | temporary file handling |
| | | | | | -->avd.aquasec.com/nvd/cve-2011-4116 |
+------------------+------------------+ +-------------------+---------------+-----------------------------------------+
| tar | CVE-2005-2541 | | 1.34+dfsg-1 | | tar: does not properly warn the user |
| | | | | | when extracting setuid or setgid... |
| | | | | | -->avd.aquasec.com/nvd/cve-2005-2541 |
+------------------+------------------+----------+-------------------+---------------+-----------------------------------------+
|
参考
trivy のヘルプ
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27 | # trivy --help
NAME:
trivy - A simple and comprehensive vulnerability scanner for containers
USAGE:
trivy [global options] command [command options] target
VERSION:
0.21.1
COMMANDS:
image, i scan an image
filesystem, fs scan local filesystem for language-specific dependencies and config files
rootfs scan rootfs
repository, repo scan remote repository
client, c client mode
server, s server mode
config, conf scan config files
plugin, p manage plugins
help, h Shows a list of commands or help for one command
GLOBAL OPTIONS:
--quiet, -q suppress progress bar and log output (default: false) [$TRIVY_QUIET]
--debug, -d debug mode (default: false) [$TRIVY_DEBUG]
--cache-dir value cache directory (default: "/root/.cache/trivy") [$TRIVY_CACHE_DIR]
--help, -h show help (default: false)
--version, -v print the version (default: false)
|
インストールスクリプト
現時点の インストールスクリプト は以下の内容になっていました。
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413 | #!/bin/sh
set -e
# Code generated by godownloader on 2020-01-14T10:03:29Z. DO NOT EDIT.
#
usage() {
this=$1
cat <<EOF
$this: download go binaries for aquasecurity/trivy
Usage: $this [-b] bindir [-d] [tag]
-b sets bindir or installation directory, Defaults to ./bin
-d turns on debug logging
[tag] is a tag from
https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/releases
If tag is missing, then the latest will be used.
Generated by godownloader
https://github.com/goreleaser/godownloader
EOF
exit 2
}
parse_args() {
#BINDIR is ./bin unless set be ENV
# over-ridden by flag below
BINDIR=${BINDIR:-./bin}
while getopts "b:dh?x" arg; do
case "$arg" in
b) BINDIR="$OPTARG" ;;
d) log_set_priority 10 ;;
h | \?) usage "$0" ;;
x) set -x ;;
esac
done
shift $((OPTIND - 1))
TAG=$1
}
# this function wraps all the destructive operations
# if a curl|bash cuts off the end of the script due to
# network, either nothing will happen or will syntax error
# out preventing half-done work
execute() {
tmpdir=$(mktemp -d)
log_debug "downloading files into ${tmpdir}"
http_download "${tmpdir}/${TARBALL}" "${TARBALL_URL}"
http_download "${tmpdir}/${CHECKSUM}" "${CHECKSUM_URL}"
hash_sha256_verify "${tmpdir}/${TARBALL}" "${tmpdir}/${CHECKSUM}"
srcdir="${tmpdir}"
(cd "${tmpdir}" && untar "${TARBALL}")
test ! -d "${BINDIR}" && install -d "${BINDIR}"
for binexe in $BINARIES; do
if [ "$OS" = "windows" ]; then
binexe="${binexe}.exe"
fi
install "${srcdir}/${binexe}" "${BINDIR}/"
log_info "installed ${BINDIR}/${binexe}"
done
rm -rf "${tmpdir}"
}
get_binaries() {
case "$PLATFORM" in
darwin/386) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
darwin/amd64) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
darwin/arm64) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
darwin/armv7) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
freebsd/386) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
freebsd/amd64) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
freebsd/arm64) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
freebsd/armv7) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
linux/386) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
linux/amd64) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
linux/ppc64le) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
linux/arm64) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
linux/armv7) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
openbsd/386) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
openbsd/amd64) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
openbsd/arm64) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
openbsd/armv7) BINARIES="trivy" ;;
*)
log_crit "platform $PLATFORM is not supported. Make sure this script is up-to-date and file request at https://github.com/${PREFIX}/issues/new"
exit 1
;;
esac
}
tag_to_version() {
if [ -z "${TAG}" ]; then
log_info "checking GitHub for latest tag"
else
log_info "checking GitHub for tag '${TAG}'"
fi
REALTAG=$(github_release "$OWNER/$REPO" "${TAG}") && true
if test -z "$REALTAG"; then
log_crit "unable to find '${TAG}' - use 'latest' or see https://github.com/${PREFIX}/releases for details"
exit 1
fi
# if version starts with 'v', remove it
TAG="$REALTAG"
VERSION=${TAG#v}
}
adjust_format() {
# change format (tar.gz or zip) based on OS
true
}
adjust_os() {
# adjust archive name based on OS
case ${OS} in
386) OS=32bit ;;
amd64) OS=64bit ;;
arm) OS=ARM ;;
arm64) OS=ARM64 ;;
ppc64le) OS=PPC64LE ;;
darwin) OS=macOS ;;
dragonfly) OS=DragonFlyBSD ;;
freebsd) OS=FreeBSD ;;
linux) OS=Linux ;;
netbsd) OS=NetBSD ;;
openbsd) OS=OpenBSD ;;
esac
true
}
adjust_arch() {
# adjust archive name based on ARCH
case ${ARCH} in
386) ARCH=32bit ;;
amd64) ARCH=64bit ;;
arm) ARCH=ARM ;;
arm64) ARCH=ARM64 ;;
ppc64le) OS=PPC64LE ;;
darwin) ARCH=macOS ;;
dragonfly) ARCH=DragonFlyBSD ;;
freebsd) ARCH=FreeBSD ;;
linux) ARCH=Linux ;;
netbsd) ARCH=NetBSD ;;
openbsd) ARCH=OpenBSD ;;
esac
true
}
cat /dev/null <<EOF
------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://github.com/client9/shlib - portable posix shell functions
Public domain - http://unlicense.org
https://github.com/client9/shlib/blob/master/LICENSE.md
but credit (and pull requests) appreciated.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
EOF
is_command() {
command -v "$1" >/dev/null
}
echoerr() {
echo "$@" 1>&2
}
log_prefix() {
echo "$0"
}
_logp=6
log_set_priority() {
_logp="$1"
}
log_priority() {
if test -z "$1"; then
echo "$_logp"
return
fi
[ "$1" -le "$_logp" ]
}
log_tag() {
case $1 in
0) echo "emerg" ;;
1) echo "alert" ;;
2) echo "crit" ;;
3) echo "err" ;;
4) echo "warning" ;;
5) echo "notice" ;;
6) echo "info" ;;
7) echo "debug" ;;
*) echo "$1" ;;
esac
}
log_debug() {
log_priority 7 || return 0
echo "$(log_prefix)" "$(log_tag 7)" "$@"
}
log_info() {
log_priority 6 || return 0
echo "$(log_prefix)" "$(log_tag 6)" "$@"
}
log_err() {
log_priority 3 || return 0
echoerr "$(log_prefix)" "$(log_tag 3)" "$@"
}
log_crit() {
log_priority 2 || return 0
echoerr "$(log_prefix)" "$(log_tag 2)" "$@"
}
uname_os() {
os=$(uname -s | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
case "$os" in
cygwin_nt*) os="windows" ;;
mingw*) os="windows" ;;
msys_nt*) os="windows" ;;
esac
echo "$os"
}
uname_arch() {
arch=$(uname -m)
case $arch in
x86_64) arch="amd64" ;;
x86) arch="386" ;;
i686) arch="386" ;;
i386) arch="386" ;;
ppc64le) arch="ppc64le" ;;
aarch64) arch="arm64" ;;
armv5*) arch="armv5" ;;
armv6*) arch="armv6" ;;
armv7*) arch="armv7" ;;
esac
echo ${arch}
}
uname_os_check() {
os=$(uname_os)
case "$os" in
darwin) return 0 ;;
dragonfly) return 0 ;;
freebsd) return 0 ;;
linux) return 0 ;;
android) return 0 ;;
nacl) return 0 ;;
netbsd) return 0 ;;
openbsd) return 0 ;;
plan9) return 0 ;;
solaris) return 0 ;;
windows) return 0 ;;
esac
log_crit "uname_os_check '$(uname -s)' got converted to '$os' which is not a GOOS value. Please file bug at https://github.com/client9/shlib"
return 1
}
uname_arch_check() {
arch=$(uname_arch)
case "$arch" in
386) return 0 ;;
amd64) return 0 ;;
arm64) return 0 ;;
armv5) return 0 ;;
armv6) return 0 ;;
armv7) return 0 ;;
ppc64) return 0 ;;
ppc64le) return 0 ;;
mips) return 0 ;;
mipsle) return 0 ;;
mips64) return 0 ;;
mips64le) return 0 ;;
s390x) return 0 ;;
amd64p32) return 0 ;;
esac
log_crit "uname_arch_check '$(uname -m)' got converted to '$arch' which is not a GOARCH value. Please file bug report at https://github.com/client9/shlib"
return 1
}
untar() {
tarball=$1
case "${tarball}" in
*.tar.gz | *.tgz) tar --no-same-owner -xzf "${tarball}" ;;
*.tar) tar --no-same-owner -xf "${tarball}" ;;
*.zip) unzip "${tarball}" ;;
*)
log_err "untar unknown archive format for ${tarball}"
return 1
;;
esac
}
http_download_curl() {
local_file=$1
source_url=$2
header=$3
if [ -z "$header" ]; then
code=$(curl -w '%{http_code}' -sL -o "$local_file" "$source_url")
else
code=$(curl -w '%{http_code}' -sL -H "$header" -o "$local_file" "$source_url")
fi
if [ "$code" != "200" ]; then
log_debug "http_download_curl received HTTP status $code"
return 1
fi
return 0
}
http_download_wget() {
local_file=$1
source_url=$2
header=$3
if [ -z "$header" ]; then
wget -q -O "$local_file" "$source_url"
else
wget -q --header "$header" -O "$local_file" "$source_url"
fi
}
http_download() {
log_debug "http_download $2"
if is_command curl; then
http_download_curl "$@"
return
elif is_command wget; then
http_download_wget "$@"
return
fi
log_crit "http_download unable to find wget or curl"
return 1
}
http_copy() {
tmp=$(mktemp)
http_download "${tmp}" "$1" "$2" || return 1
body=$(cat "$tmp")
rm -f "${tmp}"
echo "$body"
}
github_release() {
owner_repo=$1
version=$2
test -z "$version" && version="latest"
giturl="https://github.com/${owner_repo}/releases/${version}"
json=$(http_copy "$giturl" "Accept:application/json")
test -z "$json" && return 1
version=$(echo "$json" | tr -s '\n' ' ' | sed 's/.*"tag_name":"//' | sed 's/".*//')
test -z "$version" && return 1
echo "$version"
}
hash_sha256() {
TARGET=${1:-/dev/stdin}
if is_command gsha256sum; then
hash=$(gsha256sum "$TARGET") || return 1
echo "$hash" | cut -d ' ' -f 1
elif is_command sha256sum; then
hash=$(sha256sum "$TARGET") || return 1
echo "$hash" | cut -d ' ' -f 1
elif is_command shasum; then
hash=$(shasum -a 256 "$TARGET" 2>/dev/null) || return 1
echo "$hash" | cut -d ' ' -f 1
elif is_command openssl; then
hash=$(openssl -dst openssl dgst -sha256 "$TARGET") || return 1
echo "$hash" | cut -d ' ' -f a
else
log_crit "hash_sha256 unable to find command to compute sha-256 hash"
return 1
fi
}
hash_sha256_verify() {
TARGET=$1
checksums=$2
if [ -z "$checksums" ]; then
log_err "hash_sha256_verify checksum file not specified in arg2"
return 1
fi
BASENAME=${TARGET##*/}
want=$(grep "${BASENAME}" "${checksums}" 2>/dev/null | tr '\t' ' ' | cut -d ' ' -f 1)
if [ -z "$want" ]; then
log_err "hash_sha256_verify unable to find checksum for '${TARGET}' in '${checksums}'"
return 1
fi
got=$(hash_sha256 "$TARGET")
if [ "$want" != "$got" ]; then
log_err "hash_sha256_verify checksum for '$TARGET' did not verify ${want} vs $got"
return 1
fi
}
cat /dev/null <<EOF
------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of functions from https://github.com/client9/shlib
------------------------------------------------------------------------
EOF
PROJECT_NAME="trivy"
OWNER=aquasecurity
REPO="trivy"
BINARY=trivy
FORMAT=tar.gz
OS=$(uname_os)
ARCH=$(uname_arch)
PREFIX="$OWNER/$REPO"
# use in logging routines
log_prefix() {
echo "$PREFIX"
}
PLATFORM="${OS}/${ARCH}"
GITHUB_DOWNLOAD=https://github.com/${OWNER}/${REPO}/releases/download
uname_os_check "$OS"
uname_arch_check "$ARCH"
parse_args "$@"
get_binaries
tag_to_version
adjust_format
adjust_os
adjust_arch
log_info "found version: ${VERSION} for ${TAG}/${OS}/${ARCH}"
NAME=${PROJECT_NAME}_${VERSION}_${OS}-${ARCH}
TARBALL=${NAME}.${FORMAT}
TARBALL_URL=${GITHUB_DOWNLOAD}/${TAG}/${TARBALL}
CHECKSUM=${PROJECT_NAME}_${VERSION}_checksums.txt
CHECKSUM_URL=${GITHUB_DOWNLOAD}/${TAG}/${CHECKSUM}
execute
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